The law in brief
Law no. 132 of September 23, 2025, "Disposizioni e deleghe al Governo in materia di intelligenza artificiale", was published in the Gazzetta Ufficiale on September 25, 2025, and entered into force on October 10, 2025.1 Its 28 articles sit alongside the EU AI Act, which applies directly in Italy as in every Member State.
1L. 132/2025, GU n. 223
Serie Generale n. 223 of September 25, 2025. Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 10/10/2025
The law does three things. It sets general principles for the research, development, and use of AI in Italy. It adds rules for specific sectors, among them health, work, the professions, and public administration. And it gives the Government twelve months to adopt legislative decrees that fit national law to the Regulation.
National authorities
Article 20 designates two agencies as Italy's national authorities for artificial intelligence. The Agency for Digital Italy (AgID) handles the notification, assessment, accreditation, and monitoring of the bodies that check AI systems for conformity. The National Cybersecurity Agency (ACN) is responsible for supervision of AI systems, including inspections and sanctions.2
2L. 132/2025, art. 20(1)
Points (a) AgID and (b) ACN. Banca d'Italia, CONSOB, and IVASS keep their role as market surveillance authorities for their sectors under Article 74(6) of the AI Act.
Gazzetta Ufficiale, art. 20For a bank, an insurer, or an investment firm, the sectoral supervisor stays in charge: Banca d'Italia, CONSOB, and IVASS keep their market surveillance role for AI used in their sectors. An American provider selling to Italian financial institutions should expect those supervisors to shape the questions its clients ask.
Intellectual professions
Article 13 covers lawyers, accountants, engineers, consultants, and the other intellectual professions. AI may be used "only for instrumental and supporting activities", and the professional's own intellectual work must prevail in the service delivered.3
3L. 132/2025, art. 13(1)
finalizzato al solo esercizio delle attività strumentali e di supporto all'attività professionale e con prevalenza del lavoro intellettuale oggetto della prestazione d'opera
The second paragraph adds a disclosure duty. To protect the relationship of trust with the client, the professional must tell the client which AI systems are used, "in clear, simple, and complete language".4
4L. 132/2025, art. 13(2)
con linguaggio chiaro, semplice ed esaustivo
Two consequences follow for American companies. If you hire Italian professionals, expect them to tell you how they use AI in your matter. If you sell AI tools to Italian firms, expect detailed questions about what your system does, because your customers will have to explain it to theirs.
AI at work
Article 11 applies to employers and to organizations that commission work. They must inform workers when AI is used, in the cases and in the form set by Article 1-bis of Legislative Decree 152/1997, the Italian rule on information about automated systems at work.5 A US company with employees in Italy should include its AI tools in the information it already gives staff.
5L. 132/2025, art. 11(2)
Refers to art. 1-bis of D.Lgs. May 26, 1997, n. 152.
Gazzetta Ufficiale, art. 11Criminal provisions
Article 26 amends the Italian Criminal Code in two ways. It adds an aggravating circumstance for offenses committed using AI systems when the AI acted as an insidious means. It also creates a new offense, Article 612-quater, on the unlawful dissemination of content generated or altered with AI systems, punishable by one to five years of imprisonment.6
6L. 132/2025, art. 26
New art. 61, n. 11-decies, and art. 612-quater of the Criminal Code, "Illecita diffusione di contenuti generati o alterati con sistemi di intelligenza artificiale".
Gazzetta Ufficiale, art. 26Implementing decrees
Articles 16 and 24 delegate to the Government the power to adopt legislative decrees within twelve months of the law's entry into force. Article 24 covers the alignment of Italian law with the AI Act, including the supervisory and sanctioning powers of the national authorities.7
7L. 132/2025, arts 16 and 24
Article 16 concerns data, algorithms, and mathematical methods for training AI systems.
Gazzetta UfficialeThe first decree under Article 24 is Legislative Decree no. 160 of September 9, 2026, on AI in police work and on civil and criminal liability. It was published on September 15, 2026, and enters into force on September 30, 2026.8
8D.Lgs. 160/2026
Serie Generale n. 214 of September 15, 2026. Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 30/09/2026
On August 4, 2026, the Council of Ministers gave final approval to a second decree, on the powers of the national authorities and on the use of AI in training. It confirms AgID as notifying authority and ACN as supervisory authority.9 On the date of this review its text was still to appear in the Gazzetta Ufficiale, so we will add its number and dates once it is published.
9CdM press release no. 185
Meeting of August 4, 2026: two legislative decrees approved "in esame definitivo" under art. 24 of Law 132/2025.
Government of ItalyWhat it means for a US company
The AI Act sets the product rules; Law 132 tells you who enforces them in Italy and adds duties that follow the people involved. In practice, a company entering Italy should check four things.
- Which authority is relevant: ACN for most AI systems, or a sectoral supervisor for finance and insurance
- Whether its Italian advisers use AI in its matters, and how they disclose it
- Whether its Italian employees have been told about the AI tools they use at work
- Whether its generative products could be used to spread altered content, and what safeguards it offers
Members of our committee teach these texts in Italy. We can give your team a first reading in English, set it next to the UNI 11621-8 profiles for hiring, and introduce you to Italian counsel for formal advice.
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